فصلنامه مطالعات مدیریت ترافیک
پیاپی 66 (پاییز 1401)

Pedestrian-vehicle accidents have a higher level of severity compared to other types of accidents. Therefore, the potential contributing factors at different severity levels of this type of accident should be identified so that appropriate measures can be taken for each of these factors.

In this paper, the multinomial logit (MNL) model is used to identify the factors affecting the severity of pedestrian-vehicle accidents. The Pedestrian-vehicle accident data from Highway Safety Information System (HSIS) of California from 2015 to 2017 is used in this article. The severity of injury is defined using the KABCO scale and is classified into five levels: fatal injury (K) and 4 injury levels including: severe or disabling injury (level 1, (A)), evident injury (level 2, (B)), minor or possible injury (Level 3, (C)) and no injury (Level 4, (O)).

The results show that the factors that significantly increase the risk of death and injury are: Drivers’ age (26 to 65 and over 65 years), weekday, low and medium annual average daily traffic (AADT), morning peak and daytime off peak and daylight.

The developed model and the results of the analysis offer effective solutions to reduce the severity of pedestrian traffic accidents and improve the safety performance of the traffic system. The results of this study can be useful for identifying the potential contributing factors to pedestrian-vehicle accidents in the real world. In addition, road safety experts and officials can use the results of this study to improve pedestrian safety.

Preventing the recurrence of accidents requires a management mechanism to improve the safety of users by purposefully using human and material resources. Designing a traffic safety management model is one of the most important issues in preventing accidents; Therefore, conducting the mentioned research seems necessary. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to design this model.

The approach of the study was qualitative research and was done with the grounded theory method. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and continued until data saturation. Data analysis was done continuously and simultaneously with data collection using the constant comparison method, and to ensure the accuracy of data analysis, a focused group interview session was held.

The role of the police in traffic safety management, the role of executive agencies, the effectiveness of safety management in reducing traffic accidents, the existence of a governing body, the definition of the functions of the agencies in traffic safety management, coordination between effective agencies in traffic safety, the development of guidelines, the structure of safety management and Budget allocation was identified as an influencing factor on the traffic safety management model.

By applying and implementing traffic safety management solutions and removing obstacles, it is possible to improve the status and performance of traffic safety management in the country, which will play a significant role in reducing material human casualties and traffic accident injuries.

COVID-19 spread has significantly affected transport sector. Travel behavior is directly influenced by policies such as quarantine mandates and movement restrictions. The current study aims to investigate the impact of urban transportation management policies on COVID-19 cases for the case of Tehran. In this regard, work activity policies and traffic restrictions, along with some specific events/holidays are analyzed over a period of 15 months. The method is correlation analysis between the implementation time of policies/events and the number of cases. Results indicate that suspending congestion pricing plans has the most effect on reducing COVID-19 spread (correlation coefficient: -0.75_-0.94). We also found that some holidays/events and their related movements and gatherings are one of the main reasons for an increase in cases (correlation coefficient: 0.71_0.96). It can be concluded that traffic restrictions including suspending congestion pricing plans and intercity movement restrictions, as well as temporarily shutting down some organizations would positively decrease the number of cases. The results can provide a robust pattern for decision-makers across the country.

In recent decades, the use of motorcycles in the country and Golestan province has greatly increased and as a result of increasing motorcycle production, the number of accidents has increased significantly, so due to the high rate of motorcycle accidents and deaths. The purpose of the present study is to investigate the factors affecting the prevention of motorcycle accidents in the city of Golestan province from the perspective of motorcycle drivers.

The type of research is nature-analytical-descriptive and applied in terms of purpose, and the field method has been used to collect data and related information. In addition, to analyze the data, Pearson correlation coefficient method was used using SPSS software, and to obtain its validity, content validity was used, and also to calculate its reliability, Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used. 89 /. Was calculated.

There is a relationship between effective factors in preventing motorcyclists 'accidents with the occurrence of motorcyclists' accidents from the perspective of urban accident experts in Golestan province. Predict motorcyclist accidents.

The results of this study showed that from the perspective of motorcyclists, the factors of social responsibility موتور motorcyclists و riders (28%), geometric road corrections and elimination of accident hotspots (26%), and police response to motorcyclists's violations, respectively. (24%) have the greatest impact on the prevention of motorcycle accidents Education of motorcyclists's safety regulations (22%) have the least impact on the prevention of motorcyclist accidents.

Today, routing in urban transportation networks is considered essential with the increase in the volume of cars and traffic restrictions in metropolitan areas. Urban development, the use of personal cars has affected the external development of metropolises and has caused the pattern of suburban settlement, which new cities are concrete examples of this problem within the boundaries of metropolises.

This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of cognitive methodology. Considering the nature of the data and the impossibility of controlling the behavior of the effective variables in the problem, it is also non-empirical. In order to review the sources of the research, a systematic review of related sources has been used using the documentary method. In this research, in order to analyze the data, the state of dispersion of access indicators was analyzed using the GWR method, crowding optimization and fuzzy mean clustering.

Multivariate regression analysis indicates that there is a linear and direct and high correlation between the independent index and the dependent index (final access) and the identified independent indicators are able to explain 95% of the changes in access and the remaining small variances by Unknown factors are explained and predicted. By looking at the beta β values, it can be seen that the network position index has access changes compared to other indicators, and according to the access indicators, network characteristics are ranked second to fourth.

Uncontrolled anger has always been associated with destructive effects in the field of interpersonal relationships and psychological health.

The research is applied in terms of purpose and its method is correlation based on structural equations. The statistical sample of the study was 250 students of Amin University of Law Enforcement Sciences studying in 2019-2020 who were randomly selected from the fields of traffic operations, traffic engineering and educational planning management. In this study, the scale of psychological distress of depression, anxiety Lovibond (1995), short personality form for DSM-5, trait anger - Spielberger (1999) and perception of air pollution Yazdanparast et al. (2014) were used as tools. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient test and structural equations and version 3 of Smart PLS software.

The effect coefficient of abnormal personality dimensions on perception of air pollution was 0.324; Psychological disturbance on perception of air pollution was 0.173, abnormal dimensions of personality on anger were 0.323, perception of air pollution on anger was 0.266, psychological disturbance on anger was 0.218 and the relationships between variables were positive and significant. Also the mediating role of perception of air pollution; The relationship between abnormal dimensions of personality and anger and psychological turmoil and anger was confirmed (p <0.05).

Conclusion:

 seems that the perception of air pollution can affect the relationship between abnormal dimensions of personality, psychological turmoil and anger.